Entry
4:
Argument structure and Fallacies
Item
1:
“The
Urban Institute, a research organization based in Washington, has released an
interesting report that suggests that the proliferation of iPods helps account
for the nationwide rise in violent crime in 2005 and 2006.
The
report [pdf] suggests that “the rise in violent offending and the explosion in
the sales of iPods and other portable media devices is more than coincidental,”
and asks, rather provocatively, “Is There an iCrime Wave?”
The
report notes that nationally, violent crime fell every year from 1993 to 2004,
before rising in 2005 and 2006, just as “America’s streets filled with millions
of people visibly wearing, and being distracted by, expensive electronic gear.”
v
Fallacy post- hoc fallacy
v
Analysis:
The
rapid increase in iPods happens prior to a rise in nationwide violent crime in
2005 and 2006.
Therefore,
proliferation of iPods is the cause of going up in violent offending.
àThis claim “the proliferation of
iPods helps account for the nationwide rise in violent crime in 2005 and 2006”
is supported by comparison crime rates between 2 phases 1993-2004 and
2005-2006. In the research, it is claimed that sharp development in iPods,
presumably meaning that the proliferation of this plays a causal role in
increase in violent crime: “the rise in violent offending and the explosion in the sales of iPods
and other portable media devices is more than coincidental”. However, the comparative
evidence does not sufficient enough to support the conclusion.
Item
2:
Nhà
máy điện hạt nhân đầu tiên dự kiến đặt ở Ninh Thuận
“ Vấn đề công chúng lo ngại nhất
với loại hình năng lượng này là tính an toàn, gồm an toàn kỹ thuật và rác thải
hạt nhân.
Tuy nhiên theo ông Tấn, chúng ta hoàn toàn có thể yên tâm về mặt kỹ thuật. Các
thiết kế tiên tiến trên thế giới đảm bảo rằng xác suất rủi ro là 10-6 (tức là 1
triệu lò phản ứng, mới có một lò có nguy cơ bị sự cố)”
v
Fallacy of relevance: appeal to
consequence
v
Analysis:
If
building the nuclear factory, we have to guarantee safety of the nuclear
technique and nuclear rubbish
If
safety is not guaranteed enough
------------------------------------------------
So
we should not build nuclear factory
Item 3:
“While
in Nha Trang, I met an English teacher who had been in Vietnam for many years.
He said that the Vietnamese are taught
that all their problems are caused by the West, especially the French and
Americans, and that the West "owes" Vietnam. They expect Westerners
to spend money in Vietnam, so when they see western backpackers trying to penny
pitch, they get upset and treat them poorly. Those who are spending money,
however, seem to be treated quite well. I don't know if this is true or not
but based on what I had seen and the experiences I had heard, it did make some
sense.”
v
Hasty generalization
v
Analysis:
The
author just takes instances from TINY segment of society- stick up for 87
million Vietnamese people such as:
-
He
said “Vietnamese people expect Westerners to spend money in VN”, so they:
+
have a good behavior to Westerners who are rich and willing to spend money
+
Meanwhile, to Western backpackers, Vietnamese have bad attitudes and even
easily become angry and treat poorly to them.
à “The Vietnamese are taught that
all their problems are caused by the West, especially the French and Americans,
and that the West "owes" Vietnam”.
Không có nhận xét nào:
Đăng nhận xét