Entry 4_TA THI THANH HOA

ENTRY 4

Argument structure and Fallacies

Item1:

You should never gamble. Once you start gambling you find it hard to stop. Soon you are spending all your money on gambling, and eventually you will turn to crime to support your earnings.

Source: http://onegoodmove.org/fallacy/ss.htm

Analysis:

Once you start gampling you

---> You find hard to stop (hidden premise: you become addicted to gambling)

---> you spending all money on gambling (hidden premise: you need lots of money)

----> you will turn to crime to support your earnings

è Fallacy of  slipery slope

Item 2:

Bill: "I believe that abortion is morally wrong." 

Dave: "Of course you would say that, you're a priest." 

Bill: "What about the arguments I gave to support my position?" 

Dave: "Those don't count. Like I said, you're a priest, so you have to say that abortion is wrong. Further, you are just a lackey to the Pope, so I can't believe what you say."

Source: http://www.animalliberationfront.com/Philosophy/Debating/Logic/ad-hominem.htm

Analysis:

structure of argument: You’re a priest -> you have to say that abortion is wrong

                                     You just a lackey to the Pope

                                     -----------------------------------------------------

                                      Abortion is not wrong 

  ---> weak, invalid argument

      è  Personal attack

Etem3:

Source: http://www.google.com.vn/imgres?um=1&hl=vi&biw=1366&bih=634&tbm=isch&tbnid=eH6sqqZPddIGSM:&imgrefurl=http://www.freeandfaadu.com/cat/index.php/categories/listings/verbal&docid=4Gz5GIrGVRfHpM&imgurl=http://www.freeandfaadu.com/cat/images/fallacy.jpg&w=220&h=167&ei=kSOYT4zZEOijiAedhPmOBg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=279&vpy=358&dur=1249&hovh=133&hovw=176&tx=115&ty=107&sig=101125061040738843330&page=1&tbnh=131&tbnw=172&start=0&ndsp=20&ved=1t:429,r:8,s:0,i:78

Analysis:

2 =  A number ( x=y)

1 =  A number (z=y)

2=1 (x=z)

    invalid conclusion

è Fallacy of presumption